The
Darkon Theory of Light1
M.
Michael Brady2 and
Donald R. Curran3
Introduction
The
winter nights are long in
Norway, and the authors
of this paper have often remarked upon the phenomenon that the darkness
seems to "press in" upon one.
This effect has prompted an elaborate and thorough series of
measurements performed in the authors' respective independent
laboratories and utilizing the most advanced electronic and
computational techniques. The
results conclusively show that the customary theory of light and
electromagnetic phenomena have been consistently misinterpreted by
theoreticians and experimentalists alike.
In short, the concept of the photon has been found to be a
misleading, if not actually invalid, method of describing
electromagnetic phenomena. In
place of the photon considered as a quantized unit of light energy, it
has been conclusively demonstrated by our experiments that the correct
fundamental unit is a quantized unit of dark, which we have called the Darkon.
The
symbol
chosen for the darkon is the runic symbol F.
Darkon
sources and sinks
It
is important to grasp the significance at the outset of the concept of
darkon sources and sinks. It
is obvious that the sun, for example, in common with the other stars, is
a powerful darkon sink. Everything which is not a darkon sink is a
darkon source. Thus it can
be easily seen that the boundary layer of the universe is a place where
darkons are emitted in an unending stream which flows inward to be
eventually absorbed by localized and/or discrete darkon sinks.
A prime goal of our experiments was to obtain a credible measure
of the flux density of the darkon radiation and thus obtain a
quantitative as well as qualitative and concise measure of the power of
darkness.
Careful inspection of the basic darkon hypothesis reveals the
fundamental lack of strangeness of the darkon as a quantum particle: it
is its own anti-particle. It
is interesting, as an aside, to note that this characteristic was
predicted in 1932 by Carid, a Danish brewery worker whose sole method of
publishing his theoretical works was in handwritten form on the reverse
side of beer labels. Luckily,
the authors of this paper discovered one of Carid's original works,
which they gratefully acknowledge as being the cornerstone of their
experimental technique.
Without going into extensive detail, the experiment comprised
connecting a carefully-calibrated pmal4 to
an array of thermoelectric junctions arranged to transfer darkon
energy-quanta to a large dewar flask containing a random selection of
known darkon sources, in this experiment, two cases of export beer.
An experimental check was maintained by replacing the last five
bottles in each case with bottles of English beer, which the
experimenters have discovered can only be drunk when extremely saturated
with darkons (or "cold" in everyday language).
When exposed to an unknown darkon flux, the calibrated pmal
absorbs darkons, whose energy finally resides in the dewar.
With careful adjustments, the losses of the system should be
compensated by the darkon energy absorbed by the pmal, and the beer will
remain saturated with darkons ("cold").
This adjustment is usually extremely difficult to achieve, and it
is necessary to remove bottles from the dewar at regular intervals.
Operating in this fashion, the experimenters discovered that the
English beer was thoroughly drinkable after the experiment had been in
progress for only two hours, conclusively illustrating the power of
darkness.
The
velocity of dark
Our
next experimental goal was to measure the velocity of propagation of
dark. This is most easily
done in a non-dispersive medium by measuring the speed of propagation of
an interruption in an otherwise steady-state darkon stream.
Although unaware of the significance of his work at the time, Römer
made the first determination of darkon velocity in 1675 by observing the
darkon emission of the first satellite of the planet Jupiter.
In 1849, Fizeau observed the propagation of darkon streams from
outer darkness towards terrestrial sinks.
The full significance of these unrecognized but visionary
measurements of darkon propagation were also carefully hidden in
Michelson's historic rotating-sink experiment. Revision of Michelson's
work plus careful comparison with radio-frequency darkon absorption has
shown the speed of darkon propagation to be
-2.5502072
x
108 mil/døgn
where
the unit of distance, the Norwegian mil
is equal to ten kilometres and the unit of time, the Norwegian døgn
is, as we have previously indicated, 24 hours of total darkness.
The astute student of the older theory of light will immediately
recognize that the negative of this unit, when converted to the archaic
system of units, is 299792.5 km/sec, which is indeed a less tractable
formulation.
The
quantum theory of dark
The
simultaneous emission of darkons and electrons from metallic surfaces
has been previously regarded as a physical enigma.
First observed by Lenard in 1902, the effect was erroneously
explained by Einstein in 1905 in terms of photons!
(Einstein was said to be one of the earliest believers in
photons.) This confusion
probably arose from his failure to recognize that a photon
is actually a hole in a sea of darkons in positive energy states.
Essentially, when electrons escape from a metal, they don't do so
alone: they take darkons with them.
If they don't escape, the darkons don't escape either.
This phenomenon is known as the darkon threshold.
If an electron performs an amount of work W to escape from a
metallic surface, then the condition for hinderance of darkon emission
(remember, one wishes to conserve, not get rid of darkons) is:
hf
≤ W
where
f is the frequency of the darkon emission and h is Plank's constant.
It is interesting to observe that high-energy darkon emission can
give rise to intense absorption bands, a phenomena first observed by Compton
and erroneously
held to explain photon effects in the X-Ray region!
Little is known about the darkon absorption of unstable nuclei.
Since 1945, there have been isolated experiments in this field,
but the modern civilized world is apprehensive of the excessive darkon
depletion caused by fall-in resulting from such violent and sudden
absorptions of large masses of darkons.
Biological
effects of darkon radiation
It
is not at present known how extensive the biological effects of darkon
radiation are on human beings exposed to intense exposure.
One immediate observation concerns the coloured races of
Scandinavia
, whose skins
have been whitened by continual exposure to an intense darkon flux,
whereas the races of
Africa
and southern
Asia
are relatively
less affected.
It might be noted in passing that certain Scandinavians are
inherently capable of avoiding excessive darkon radiation, simply by
removing most or all of their clothes whenever the largest local darkon
sink (sun) is not shielded by clouds or rotten weather.
This phenomena occurs most often, but not always, in the summer,
a well-known period of darkon depletion.
Conclusions
Our
measurements have clearly shown that all present theories have
misinterpreted the nature of electromagnetic phenomena.
Through continued experimental and theoretical investigations, it
is expected that much additional darkness can be thrown upon these
important questions.
1
Originally published in Elekgtroteknisk
Tidsskrift (Electrotechnical Journal),
Norway
, Vol. 83, No. 3,
5 February 1970
, and subsequently in
modified form in journals in
Denmark
and the
USA
.
This is a transcript of the original article.
2
Current (1995) affiliation: MBC,
Oslo
,
Norway
.
3
Current (1995) affiliation: SRI,
California
.
4
As eloquently pointed out by T or Schaug-Pettersen of the Norwegian
Institute of Technology,
Trondheim
, the pmal
is an often misunderstood device. Although
manufactured in great quantities almost all over the world, even its
name is usually spelled backwards by believers in the older, less
correct, so-called "theory of light."